NANOTECNOLOGY, HEALTH RISK?

Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter on an almost atomic scale to create new structures, materials and devices. This technology promises scientific breakthroughs in many sectors such as medicine, consumer products, energy, materials, and manufacturing. Nanotechnology is not specifically defined, although in general terms it encompasses designed structures, apparatus and systems that have a scale of between 1 and 100 nanometers. Materials of this size exhibit unique properties that affect physical, chemical, and biological reactions. The study, development and use of these properties is an essential part of new technologies.

As with any new technology, the earliest and most extensive exposure to hazards is likely to occur in the workplace. Workers in nanotechnology-related industries face potential exposure to unique artificially created materials with novel sizes, shapes, and physical and chemical properties. The occupational health risks associated with the manufacture and use of nanomaterials are not entirely clear. At present, minimal information is available on the predominant routes of exposure, the potential exposure levels and the material toxicity of nanomaterials.

Studies indicate that low solubility nanoparticles are more toxic than larger particles when compared based on their mass. There are strong indications that the surface area of ??the particle and its chemical composition are the factors responsible for the response observed in cell cultures and in animals. There are also indications that nanoparticles can penetrate through the skin or pass from the respiratory system to other organs. Research continues to understand how these special properties can cause specific health effects.